Seminars in Spine Surgery
Volume 22, Issue 3 , Pages 121-125 , September 2010

Growing Rods in the Treatment of Congenital Spinal Deformity

  • Pooria Salari, MD

      Affiliations

    • San Diego Center for Spinal Disorders, La Jolla, CA
    • ,
  • Behrooz A. Akbarnia, MD

      Affiliations

    • San Diego Center for Spinal Disorders, La Jolla, CA
    • Department of Orthopaedics, University of California, San Diego, CA
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Behrooz A. Akbarnia, MD, 4130 La Jolla Village Drive, Suite 300, La Jolla, CA 92037
    • ,
  • Hazem El-Sebaie, FRCS, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthopaedics, University of Cairo, Giza, Egypt
    • ,
  • Muharrem Yazici, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthopaedics Sihhiye, Faculty of Medicine, Hacetteppe University, Ankara, Turkey

References 

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  4. Ruf M, Harms J. Posterior hemivertebra resection with transpedicular instrumentation: Early correction in children aged 1 to 6 years. Spine. 2003;15:2132–2138
  5. Winter R. The surgical treatment of congenital spine deformity: General principles and helpful hints. Iowa Orthop J. 1995;15:79–94
  6. Winter RB, Moe JH, Lonstein JE. Posterior spinal arthrodesis for congenital scoliosis (An analysis of the cases of two hundred and ninety patients, five to nineteen years old). J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1984;66:1188–1197
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  9. Akbarnia BA, Marks D, Boachie-Adjei O, et al. Dual growing rod technique for the treatment of progressive early-onset scoliosis: a multicenter study. Spine. 2005;30(suppl):S46–S57
  10. Campbell R, Smith MD, Mayes TC, et al. The effect of opening wedge thoracostomy on thoracic insufficiency syndrome associated with fused ribs and congenital scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2003;85:1659–1674
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  13. Yılmaz G, Huri G, Demirkıran G, et al. The effect of posterior distraction on vertebral growth in immature pigs: an experimental simulation of growing rod technique. Spine. 2010;35:730–733
  14. Moe JH, Kharrat K, Winter RB, et al. Harrington instrumentation without fusion plus external orthotic support for the treatment of difficult curvature problems in young children. Clin Orthop. 1984;185:35–45
  15. Mineiro J, Weinstein S. Subcutaneous rodding for progressive spinal curvatures: Early results. J Pediatr Orthop. 2002;22:290–295
  16. Yazici M, Emans J. Fusionless instrumentation systems for congenital scoliosis. Spine. 2009;34:1800–1807
  17. Akbarnia BA. Management themes in early onset scoliosis. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007;89(suppl 1):42–54
  18. Akbarnia BA, Breakwell LM, Marks DS, et al. Dual growing Rod technique followed for three to eleven years until final fusion; the effect of frequency of lengthening. Spine. 2008;33:984–990
  19. Bess S, Akbarnia BA, Thompson GH, et al. Complications in 910 growing rod surgeries: Use of dual rods and submuscular placement of rods decreases complications. J Child Orthopade. 2009;3:145–168
  20. Ayvaz M, Alanay A, Yazici M, et al. Safety and efficacy of posterior instrumentation for patients with congenital scoliosis and spinal dysraphism. J Pediatr Orthop. 2007;27:380–386
  21. Hedequist D, Hall J, Emans JB, et al. The safety and efficacy of spinal instrumentation in children with congenital spine deformities. Spine. 2004;29:2081–2086
  22. Elsebaie H, Yazici M, Thompson GH, et al. Safety and efficacy of growing Rod technique for pediatric congenital spinal deformities. J Child Orthop. 2007;1:255–276
  23. Emans J, Caubet J, Ordonez CL, et al. The treatment of spine and chest wall deformities with fused ribs by expansion thoracostomy and insertion of vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib: growth of thoracic spine and improvement of lung volumes. Spine. 2005;30(suppl):S58–S68
  24. Thompson GH, Akbarnia BA, Kostial P, et al. Comparison of single and dual growing rod techniques followed through definitive surgery: A preliminary study. Spine. 2005;30:2039–2044
  25. Schwartz DM, Auerbach JD, Dormans JP, et al. Neurophysiological detection of impending spinal cord injury during scoliosis surgery. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2007;89:2440–2449
  26. Grass PJ, Soto AV, Araya HP. Intermittent distracting rod for correction of high neurologic risk congenital scoliosis. Spine. 1997;22:1922–1927
  27. Schmitz A, Schulze Bertelsbeck D, Schmitt O. Five-year follow-up of intermittent distracting rod correction in congenital scoliosis. Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2002;12:416–418
  28. Cheung KM, Zhange JG, Lu DS, et al. Ten-year follow-up study of lower thoracic hemivertebrae treated by convex fusion and concave distraction. Spine. 2002;27:748–753
  29. Klemme WR, Denis F, Winter RB, et al. Spinal instrumentation without fusion for progressive scoliosis in young children. J Pediatr Orthop. 1997;17:734–742
  30. Elsebaie H, Skaggs DL, Akbarnia BA. Unilateral unsegmented bars, do they grow with distraction?. J Child Orthop. 2007;1:255–276
  31. Hell A, Hefti F, Campbell R. Treatment of congenital scoliosis with the vertical expandable prosthetic titanium rib implant. Orthopade. 2004;33:911–918

PII: S1040-7383(10)00024-9

doi: 10.1053/j.semss.2010.03.005

Seminars in Spine Surgery
Volume 22, Issue 3 , Pages 121-125 , September 2010

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