Seminars in Spine Surgery
Volume 22, Issue 1 , Pages 44-49 , March 2010

Thoracolumbar Spine Injuries in Children and Adolescents

  • John P. Lubicky, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to John P. Lubicky, MD, Indiana University School of Medicine, Riley Hospital for Children, 702 Barnhill Dr, ROC 4250, Indianapolis, IN 46202
    • ,
  • Yazeed M. Gussous, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL

References 

  1. Landin LA. Epidemiology of children's fractures. J Pediatr Orthop B. 1997;6:79–83
  2. Klassen RA. Fractures and dislocations of the thoracolumbar spine. In:  Letts RM editors. Management of Pediatric Fractures. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 1994;p. 853
  3. Loder RT, Hensinger RN. Fractures of the thoracic and lumbar spine. In:  Wilkins KE,  Rockwood CA editor. Fractures in Children. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincot-Raven; 1996;p. 1062–1279
  4. McPhee IB. Spinal fractures and dislocations in children and adolescents. Spine. 1981;6:533–537
  5. Newton PO, Upasani VV. Spine Trauma and Disorders: Pediatrics, Chapter 57. In:  Fischgrund JS editors. Orthopaedic Knowledge Update 9. Rosemont, IL: American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons; 2008;p. 691–705
  6. Reddy SP, Junewick JJ, Backstrom JW. Distribution of spinal fractures in children: does age, mechanism of injury, or gender play a significant role?. Pediatr Radiol. 2003;33:776–781
  7. Lalonde F, Letts M, Yang JP, et al. An analysis of burst fractures of the spine in adolescents. Am J Orthop. 2001;30:115–120
  8. Panjabi MM, Hausfield JN, White AA. A biological study of ligamentous stability of the thoracic spine in man. Acta Orthop Scand. 1981;52:315–326
  9. Sovio OM, Bell HM, Beauchamp RD, et al. Fractures of the lumbar vertebral apophysis. J Pediatr Orthop. 1985;5:550–552
  10. Rumball K, Jarvis J. Seat-belt injuries of the spine in young children. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1992;74:571–574
  11. Smith WS, Kaufer H. Patterns and mechanisms of lumbar injuries associated with lap seat belts. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1969;51:239–254
  12. Renshaw TS. Traumatic spondylosis and spondylolisthesis. In:  Letts RM editors. Management of Pediatric Fractures. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 1994;p. 1195–1212
  13. Altiok H, Mekhail A, Vogel LC, et al. Issues in surgical treatment of thoraco-lumbar injuries associated with spinal cord injuries in children and adolescents. Am J Orthop. 2002;31:647–651
  14. Clark P, Letts M. Trauma to the thoracic and lumbar spine in the adolescent. Can J Surg. 2001;5:337–345
  15. Glass RB, Sivit CJ, Sturm PF, et al. Lumbar spine injury in a pediatric population: difficulties with computed tomographic diagnosis. J Trauma. 1994;37:815–819
  16. Kewalramani LS, Tori JA. Spinal cord trauma in children (Neurologic patterns, radiological features, and pathomechanics of injury). Spine. 1980;5:11–18
  17. Sledge JB, Allred D, Hyman J. Use of magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating injuries to the pediatric thoracolumbar spine. J Pediatr Orthop. 2001;21:288–293
  18. Denis F. The three column spine and its significance in the classification of acute thoracolumbar spinal injuries. Spine. 1983;8:817–831
  19. Hadley MN, Zabramski JM, Browner CM, et al. Pediatric spinal trauma (Review of 122 cases of spinal cord and vertebral column injuries). J Neurosurg. 1988;68:18–24
  20. Stadhouder A, Buskens E, de Klerk LW, et al. Traumatic thoracic and lumbar spinal fractures: operative or nonoperative treatment: comparison of two treatment strategies by means of surgeon equipoise. Spine. 2008;33:1006–1017
  21. Bracken MB, Shepard MJ, Collins WF, et al. A randomized, controlled trial of methylprednisolone or naloxone in the treatment of acute spinal cord injury (Results of the Second National Acute Spinal Cord Injury Study). N Engl J Med. 1990;322:1405–1411
  22. Marshall LF, Knowlton S, Garfin SR, et al. Deterioration following spinal cord injury: a multicenter study. J Neurosurg. 1987;66:400–404
  23. Poynton AR, O'Farrell DA, Shannon F, et al. An evaluation of the factors affecting neurological recovery following spinal cord injury. Injury. 1997;28:545–548

 The authors have not received any funding from industry in the preparation of this manuscript.

 Dr. Lubicky is a member of the Spinal Deformity Study Group, an international spinal research organization whose work and meetings are sponsored and funded by Medtronic Spine.

PII: S1040-7383(09)00083-5

doi: 10.1053/j.semss.2009.10.006

Seminars in Spine Surgery
Volume 22, Issue 1 , Pages 44-49 , March 2010

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