Seminars in Spine Surgery
Volume 20, Issue 3 , Pages 195-202, September 2008

Virtual Fluoroscopy

  • Yu-Po Lee, MD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Yu-Po Lee, Assistant Clinical Professor, UCSD Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, 350 Dickinson Street, Suite 121, San Diego, CA 92103
    • ,
  • C. Max Hoshino, MD
    • ,
  • Choll W. Kim, MD, PhD

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California–San Diego, San Diego, CA

Fluoroscopic navigation is an important advance in spine surgery that allows surgeons to track their instruments in real time relative to multiplanar fluoroscopic images. There are currently two types of fluoroscopic navigation that are available: virtual fluoroscopy, which uses a conventional C-arm fluoroscope; and three-dimensional fluoroscopy, a strategy that also allows imaging in the axial plane. In addition to potentially decreasing radiation exposure, these modalities may also increase the safety and accuracy of spinal instrumentation. This article discusses the technical aspects of fluoroscopic navigation and reviews the literature regarding the indications for its use with spinal procedures.

Keywords: spine surgery, image guidance, virtual fluoroscopy, minimally invasive spine surgery

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 This work was done at UCSD. None of the authors received support of any form from any companies for writing this article.

PII: S1040-7383(08)00049-X

doi:10.1053/j.semss.2008.06.006

Seminars in Spine Surgery
Volume 20, Issue 3 , Pages 195-202, September 2008

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