Interspinous Process Distraction Devices for Spinal Stenosis

Interspinous process distraction devices represent a relatively new option for minimally invasive surgical treatment of lumbar spinal stenosis. The X STOP device is the first such implant to receive FDA approval for this indication, and promising results from initial clinical studies have encouraged development of multiple alternative implant designs. These devices are designed for placement between adjacent spinous processes and function to create relative segmental flexion at the treated level, indirectly increasing the cross-sectional area of the spinal canal as well as the neuroforamina. This technology is an option for patients with neurogenic claudication aggravated by standing or walking and relieved by sitting. Short-term clinical results appear comparable to laminectomy and superior to nonoperative treatment. Long-term clinical follow-up data are not yet available.

Keywords: interspinous process spacers, lumbar spinal stenosis, minimally invasive surgery, surgical treatment, spinal implant, clinical outcomes