Seminars in Spine Surgery
Volume 19, Issue 1 , Pages 12-17 , March 2007

Incidence of Cervical Stenosis: Radiographic and Anatomic

  • Clayton L. Dean, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
    • ,
  • Michael J. Lee, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.
    • ,
  • Ezequiel H. Cassinelli, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio.
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress reprint requests to Ezequiel H. Cassinelli, MD, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Case Medical Center, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106.

References 

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  2. Pallis C, Jones AM, Spillane JD. Cervical spondylosis; incidence and implications. Brain. 1954;77(2):274–289
  3. Payne EE, Spillane JD. The cervical spine (An anatomic pathologic study of seventy patients). Brain. 1957;70:38
  4. Herzog RJ, Weins JJ, Dillingham MF, et al. Normal cervical spine morphometry and cervical spine stenosis in asymptomatic professional football players. Spine. 1991;16:178–186
  5. Murone I. The importance of the sagittal diameters of the cervical canal in relation to spondylosis and myelopathy. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1974;56:30–36
  6. Edwards WC, LaRocca H. The developmental segmental sagittal diameter of the cervical spinal canal in patients with cervical spondylosis. Spine. 1983;8(1):20–27
  7. Countee RW, Vijayanathan T. Congenital stenosis of the cervical spine: diagnosis and management. J Natl Med Assoc. 1979;71:257–264
  8. Kang JD, Figgie MP, Bohlman HH. Sagittal measurements of the cervical spine in subaxial fractures and dislocations (An analysis of two hundred and eighty-eight patients with and without neurologic deficits). J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1994;76(11):1617–1628
  9. Eismont FJ, Clifford S, Goldberg M, et al. Cervical sagittal spinal canal size in spine injury. Spine. 1984;9(7):663–666
  10. Pavlov H, Torg JS, Robie B, et al. Cervical spinal stenosis: determination with vertebral body ratio method. Radiology. 1987;164(3):771–775
  11. Torg JS, Naranja RJ, Pavlov H, et al. The relationship of developmental narrowing of the cervical spinal canal to reversible and irreversible injury of the cervical spinal cord in football players. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1996;78(9):1308–1314
  12. Lim JK, Wong HK. Variation of the cervical spinal Torg ratio with gender and ethnicity. Spine J. 2004;4(4):396–401
  13. Hukuda S, Kojima Y. Sex discrepancy in the canal/body ratio of the cervical spine implicating the prevalence of cervical myelopathy in men. Spine. 2002;27(3):250–253
  14. Yue WM, Tan SB, Tan MH, et al. The Torg-Pavlov ratio in cervical spondylotic myelopathy (A comparative study between patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy and a nonspondylotic, nonmyelopathic population). Spine. 2001;26(16):1760–1764
  15. Emery SE, Bohlman HH, Bolesta MJ, et al. Anterior cervical decompression and arthrodesis for the treatment of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (Two to seventeen-year follow-up). J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1998;80(7):941–951
  16. Odor JM, Watkins RG, Dillin WH, et al. Incidence of cervical spinal stenosis in professional and rookie football players. Am J Sports Med. 1990;18(5):507–509
  17. Blackley HR, Plank LD, Robertson PA. Determining the sagittal dimensions of the canal of the cervical spine (The reliability of ratios of anatomical measurements). J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1999;81(1):110–112
  18. Ogino H, Tada K, Okada K, et al. Canal diameter, anteroposterior compression ratio, and spondylotic myelopathy of the cervical spine. Spine. 1983;8(1):1–15
  19. Matsuura P, Waters RL, Adkins RH, et al. Comparison of computerized tomography parameters of the cervical spine in normal control subjects and spinal cord-injured patients. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1989;71(2):183–188
  20. Boden SD, McCowin PR, Davis DO, et al. Abnormal magnetic resonance scans of the cervical spine in asymptomatic subjects (A prospective investigation). J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1990;72(8):1178–1184
  21. Teresi LM, Lufkin RB, Reicher MA, et al. Asymptomatic degenerative disk disease and spondylosis of the cervical spine. Radiology. 1987;164(1):83–88
  22. Prasad SS, O’Malley M, Caplan M, et al. MRI measurements of the cervical spine and their correlation to Pavlov’s ratio. Spine. 2003;28(12):1263–1268
  23. Cantu RC. Functional cervical spinal stenosis: a contraindication to participation in contact sports. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1993;25(3):316–317
  24. Cantu RC, Mueller FO. Catastrophic spine injuries in American football, 1977-2001. Neurosurgery. 2003;53(2):362–363
  25. Lee MJ, Cassinelli EH, Riew KD. The prevalence of cervical spine stenosis: an anatomic study of 469 cadaveric specimens. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2006;(in press)

PII: S1040-7383(07)00004-4

doi: 10.1053/j.semss.2007.01.003

Seminars in Spine Surgery
Volume 19, Issue 1 , Pages 12-17 , March 2007

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